Barriers and Privileges to Career Advancement for Women in the Pharmaceutical Industry of Pakistan

Javeria Khan; Dr. Amber Ferdoos

Javeria Khan PhD Scholar, Department of Sociology, International Islamic University, Islamabad
Dr. Amber Ferdoos Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, International Islamic University, Islamabad.

Abstract

This research investigates the career advancement barriers and privileges experienced by women in Pakistan's pharmaceutical industry, focusing on female medical representatives in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Despite constituting half of the population, women in Pakistan face social and cultural restrictions that limit their opportunities for freedom, education, and employment. Utilizing the glass ceiling theory, which explains the invisible barriers hindering the career progression of women and minorities, this qualitative study gathers in-depth insights from twelve female professionals through purposive and convenient sampling techniques. The findings reveal significant challenges, including health issues, excessive workloads, overtime, lack of breaks, wage deductions, and workplace harassment. Economic necessity often compels women to endure these adversities. The study suggests that pharmaceutical companies should implement mentoring programs, flexible work schedules, and individual-level support measures to foster a diverse and gender-equal workplace, thus aiding the career advancement of female medical representatives.

Keywords: Pharmaceutical Industry, Women in pharmaceutical industry, Work

Place Dynamics, Glass Ceiling Theory.